ICTL : Notes for Activity

Supercomputer

Supercomputer is a computer that led the world (or was

close to doing so) in terms of processing capacity,

particularly the speed of calculation, at the time of its

introduction. The term "Super Computing" was first used

by the New York World newspaper in 1929[1] to refer to

large custom-built tabulators IBM made for Columbia

University. It was used to solve problems involving by

major universities, military agencies and scientific

research laboratories.

Mini Computer

Minicomputer is a midsized computer. It is an old term for

a class of multi-user computers, lies between the largest

multi-user systems (mainframe computers) and the

smallest single-user systems (microcomputers or personal

computers). In the past, it formed a different group with its

own hardware and operating systems.

Personal Computer

The personal computer (PC) defines a computer designed for general

use by a single person.. PCs were first known as microcomputers because

they were a complete computer but built on a smaller scale than the huge

systems in use by most businesses.

ICT - Exercise7 : Clock Speed Measurement

Clock Speed Measurement

NO	STATEMENT	TRUE	FALSE
1	A 1.4 GHz Pentium 4 performs better than a 1.4 GHz Pentium 3.
2	A 1.4 GHz Pentium 4 performs better than a 1.4 GHz Power PC G4 Processor.
3	1000 MHz equals to 1.0 GHz.
4	Microprocessor speeds are determined by their clock speed.
5	If 1 GHz = 1,000,000,000 cycles per second, a microprocessor that runs at 200 GHz executes 200 billion cycles per second.
6	The system clock is one of the major factors that influence the computer’s speed.

1. If 1 MHz = 1,000,000 cycles per second, a microprocessor that runs at 200 MHz executes

_______________ cycles per second.

2. Through Processing Speed, the 8, __________ and 32 bit designations are the CPU’s word size and can be thought of as the number of lanes on the highway.

3. The clock speed of computers is usually measured in __________.

4. One _______________ represents one billion cycles per second.

5. One hertz equal to ________________.

6. A 1.8 GHz processor has twice the clock speed of a _______ MHz processor.

A. 0.9

B. 900

C. 1900

D. 90,000

7. 1000 MHz is equivalent to __________.

A. 1.0 Hz

B. 0.1 Hz

C. 1.0 GHz

D. 0.1 GHz

8. Giga is a prefix that stands for _______.

A. billion

B. trillion

D. thousands

C. million

D. thousands

9. Below are the features of Megahertz.

I. 1000MHz = 0.1 GHz

II. One MHz represents one million cycles per second.

III. The speed of buses and interfaces are also measured in MHz.

IV. A one megahertz clock (1MHz) means some number of bits (16, 32, 64, etc.) are manipulated one million times per second.

A. I, II and III

B. I, III and IV

C. II, III and IV

D. All of the above

ICT - Exercise6 : Data Measurement

Data Measurement

NO	STATEMENT	TRUE	FALSE
1	Bits are composed of threes and zeros.
2	All files in the computer are kept as decimal files and are translated by the software.
3	binary digit is the basic and the smallest unit used in computer data storage.
4	A megabyte (MB) is equal to 1 million bytes.
5	A computer uses a binary system to count as it only recognizes two states that are 0 and 1.

1. 1 Terabyte (TB) equals to _____ bytes.

A. 2 30 bytes

B. 2 10 bytes

C. 2 40 bytes

D. 2 20 bytes

2. Which of these is similar to a byte?

A. 8 bits

B. 1 Megabyte(MB)

C. 1 Terabyte (TB)

D. 1 Gigabyte(GB)

3. A computer uses a ________ system to count as it only recognises two states, which are 0 and 1.

4. If 1KB equals to 2 10 bytes, 1 MB can be said as equal _______ .

5.bit, byte, kilobyte (KB), megabyte (MB), __________, terabyte (TB).

ICT - Exercise5 : Introduction to Binary Coding

 Introduction to Binary Coding

1. What is the first character code?

A. Morse Code

B. Hollerith Code

C. American Standard Code for Information Interchange (ASCII)

2. The original ASCII used a total of ______ to represent characters (letters, numbers, and punctuation mark)

A. 7bits

B. 9bits

C. 128bits

3. Seven bits allow the computer to encode a total of how many characters?

A. 14

B. 128

C. 256

4. In what year was ASCII proposed by ANSI?

A. 1945

B. 1963

C. 1971

5. A teleprinter uses a ______ Bardout codes.

A. 3bit

B. 5bit

C. 7bit

6. What are the codes used by computers to send and receive information?

A. Binary code

B. Baudot code

C. Input and output

7. What is the character code for encoding alphanumeric data on the "punched card”?

A. Morse code

B. Holerith code

C. Baudot code

8. What is the main reason for using ASCII?

A. To process textual data

B. To achieve compatibility between various types of data processing

C. To purchase components those are compatible with their computer configurations.

9. When you press a key on a board, the electronic signal is converted into a binary form that the computer can process and stored in?

A. Memory

B. Character code

C. Computer code

10. Character codes for encoding alphanumeric data on the punched card was created by

A. Morse

B. Hollerith

C. Baudot

11. 16 bits is equivalent to ______bytes.

A. 2

B. 3

C. 8

D. 218

12. ____________ bit allows the computer to encode characters, for the numbers 09,

Uppercase and lowercase letters AZ,and a few punctuation symbols.

A. 7

B. 128

C. 156

D. 218

13. What is the ASCII code for number 1?

A. 00100001

B. 01011000

C. 01010100

D. 01000100

14. The teleprinter was invented by ________.

A. Morse

B. Bardout

C. Marconi

D. Hollerith

15. ____________ is the world’s first binary character codes for processing textual data.

A. Morse Code

B. Bardout Code

C. Hollerith Code

D. ComputerCode

ICT - Exercise4 : Data Representation

Data Representation

1. Most computers can recognize only two discrete states that are ____________.

2. The computer circuit represents the 0 or the 1 electronically by the presence or absence of an

_________.

3. A computer does not understand ___________.

4. A computer can process larger chunks of information by treating group of bits as _________.

5. A collection of 8 bits is called a __________.

6. The term ‘bit’ stands for ____________.

7. Number 9 is represented by the binary code as___________.

8. A byte represents a single ____________ in the computer.

9. A bit is the smallest unit of information. True or False? _________

10. The Unicode can recognize ASCII characters. True or False? _________

11. The term ‘ASCII’ is an acronym for ____________.

12. The term ‘EBCDIC’ is an acronym for ____________.

 

1. What is a bit?

A. A bit is the largest unit of information.

B. A bit is the biggest unit of information.

C. A bit is the longest unit of information.

D. A bit is the smallest unit of information.

2. The capital letter F is represented by the binary code as ____________.

A. 01000111

B. 01100110

C. 01010110

D. 01000110

3. Number 9 is represented by the binary code as ___________ .

A. 01000111

B. 00111001

C. 01010110

D. 01000110

4. There are three character codes to represent characters, which are ___________,______,   and _______.

A. ASCII, EBCDIC, APA

B. ASCII, EBCDIC, ADA

C. ASCII, EBCDIC, Units

D. ASCII, EBCDIC, Unicode

5. The 256character capability of ASCII and EBCDIC is too small to handle the alphabets that are used by other languages such as _______,______, and __________.

A. Arabic, Malay, Chinese

B. Malay, Arabic, Japanese

C. Arabic, Japanese, Chinese

D. Indonesian, Japanese, Chinese

6. ________ uses two bytes (16 bits) to represent one character.

A. APA

B. ASCII

C. EBCDIC

D. Unicode

ICT - Exercise3 : Information Processing Cycle

Information Processing Cycle

NO	STATEMENT	TRUE	FALSE
1	The information processing cycle includes the following processes; input, processing, output, and storage.
2	The Central processing unit or the CPU is the brain of the computer.
3	The CPU utilises the computer memory to execute instructions from the user such as editing a letter, drawing a picture and sorting numbers.
4	The processor must be connected only to input devices and output devices to carry out its functions.
5	Data can be entered into the system by typing on a keyboard or pointing some commands with a mouse.
6	Executing refers to the instruction or data item gathered from the memory in the information processing cycle.
7	Decoding refers the process of translating a program instruction into signals that the computer can execute.
8	A storage device is the computer hardware that records or retrieves items to and from the storage media.
9	A storage medium is the physical material in the computer that keeps data, instruction and information.
10	The examples of storage media are floppy disks, USB flash drives and monitor.

NO	STATEMENT	TRUE	FALSE
1	The processor is also known as the CPU.
2	An input is the data that you enter into the computer.
3	The CPU utilises the computer memory to execute instructions from the application software and accomplish a task such as editing a letter, drawing a picture and sorting numbers.
4	The CPU utilises the computer memory to execute instructions from the application software and accomplish a task such as editing a letter,drawing a picture and sorting numbers.

1. Information can be in the form of ___________.

A. text and audio

B. text and graphic

C. text, graphic and audio

D. text, graphic, audio and video

2. Text consists of characters that are used to create _______ _ and ___________.

A. word, music

B. word, sentence

C. sentence, sound

D. paragraph, image

3. Graphics are digital representations that consist of ________ and __________.

A. chart, word

B. chart, drawing

C. drawing, music

D. photograph, speech

4. Music, speech, or any other sounds are examples of ___________ information.

A. text

B. video

C. audio

D. graphic

5. Which one of the following is the correct information processing cycle for the control unit operations?

A. Fetchingà Decodingà Executing àStoring

B. Decoding àFetching àExecuting àStoring

C. Executing àFetching àStoring àDecoding

D. Storing àFetching àDecoding àExecuting

6. Information processing cycle comprises of _____________.

I. input

II. output

III. storage

IV. process

A. I and II

B. I, II, and III

C. I, III, and IV

D. I, II, III, and IV

ICT - Exercise2 : Introduction to Computer System

Introduction to Computer System

  

1. Mouse, keyboard, and barcode reader are examples of ________________ devices.

2. Printer, monitor and speaker are examples of __________________ devices.

3. External hardware devices are also known as _________________ equipment.

4. CD Recordable and DVD Recordable are ________________ discs.

5. An example of a magnetic disc is a _________________.

6. State whether the statement is TRUE or FALSE.

The primary storage of a computer holds data temporarily.

7. State whether statement is TRUE or FALSE.

The central processing unit is divided into two components; the CU and the ALU.

8. Which part of the computer system changes input into output?________________

9. Random Access Memory (RAM) is the _______________ storage in the computer system.

10. Texts, graphics and sounds are common form of _______________.

 11. Input is the _________ that you enter into the computer.

A. data

B. program

C. software

D. information

12. Text, audio and graphic is entered into the computer using _______.

A. a CPU

B. peripherals

C. input devices

D. output devices

13. Bar code reader and joystick are examples of ___________.

A. a CPU

B. peripherals

C. input devices

D. output devices

14. The _________ is the centre of activity in the computer.

A. RAM

B. processor

C. input device

D. output device

15. The processor is also known as the ____

A. CPU

B. RAM

C. input devices

D. output devices

16. A CPU comprises of CU and _________.

A. ALU

B. processor

C. input devices

D. output devices

17. Which of the following is not a process carried out by the CPU?

A. Displays output

B. Executes command

C. Controls other hardware

D. Processes data to information

18. Memory is also known as ___________.

A. ROM

B. RAM

C. cache

D. hard disk

19. ____________ will loose its content when the power is interrupted or turned off.

A. ROM

B. RAM

C. A Diskette

D. A Hard disk

20. RAM is used as ____________.

A. primary storage

B. backup memory

C. secondary storage

D. permanent memory

21. An example of an output device is the __________.

A. mouse

B. monitor

C. scanner

D. keyboard

22. A processed raw input is also known as _______.

A. text

B. data

C. software

D. information

 23. ________ provides additional storage in addition to the primary memory.

A. Primary storage

B. Backup memory

C. Secondary storage

D. Permanent memory

24. CDROM and DVDROM are examples of ___________.

A. RAM

B. ROM

C. optical disks

D. magnetic disks